Skin Cancer

How to Do a Monthly Skin Self-Exam (in 10 Minutes)

A step-by-step protocol for monthly self-checks based on the ABCDE rule and the AAD body-map method.

Most melanomas are first noticed by the patient or a partner — not a doctor. A 10-minute monthly self-exam dramatically improves the odds of catching changes early, when the 5-year survival rate exceeds 99%.

What you'll need

  • Bright, even light
  • Full-length mirror
  • Hand mirror
  • Smartphone for reference photos
  • Body map (free download from the AAD)

The 10-minute protocol

  • Face, ears, scalp (use the hand mirror; part hair in sections)
  • Neck, chest, torso (women: lift breasts to check underneath)
  • Underarms, both arms, palms, between fingers, nail beds
  • Back and buttocks (use both mirrors)
  • Legs (front and back), behind the knees
  • Feet — tops, soles, between toes, nail beds

What to look for: ABCDE

Asymmetry, irregular Border, multiple Colors, Diameter >6mm, Evolving size/shape/color. Anything new, changing, or 'ugly duckling' (looks different from your other moles) deserves a dermatologist visit.

When to escalate

Any of: a non-healing sore lasting >4 weeks, a mole that itches/bleeds, a new dark streak under a nail, or a rapidly changing growth. Same-week dermatology referral if possible.

Key takeaways

  • Monthly checks find melanomas early.
  • Use the ABCDE rule + 'ugly duckling' sign.
  • Photograph anything you're watching.

Related DermUV pages

How to read this How to Do a Monthly Skin Self-Exam (in 10 Minutes) page

The UV index is a measure of erythemal (skin-reddening) irradiance, where each whole point equals 25 mW/m² of UV energy reaching the surface. That is why burn-time estimates fall roughly by half when the index doubles.

UV strength on this page follows solar elevation, ozone thickness, cloud cover, altitude, and surface reflection. Snow can bounce back most of the UV that hits it, water and sand far less, but all of them add to the dose skin receives.

Plan outdoor blocks around the peak UV window, usually between 10am and 4pm local time. Shade, UPF fabric, a wide-brim hat, and UV-blocking sunglasses reduce dose more reliably than sunscreen alone.

Cloud cover is not protection. Thin or broken cloud can still pass most incoming UV, and light cloud edges can briefly scatter more UV toward the ground than a clear sky.

Cumulative dose drives photoaging and long-term skin damage more than any single day. Small daily exposures on commutes, walks, and driving add up across a season.

UV scale reference

The WHO scale groups UV 1-2 as low, 3-5 as moderate, 6-7 as high, 8-10 as very high, and 11 or above as extreme. Protection is recommended from UV 3 upward, and shade during the middle of the day becomes the priority from UV 8 upward.

A practical routine at moderate-to-high UV is roughly one ounce of broad-spectrum sunscreen for full-body coverage, applied 15 minutes before going out, then reapplied on schedule. Clothing, hats, and shade carry the rest of the load, especially for children and anyone with a history of easy burning.

Keep exploring DermUV

These pages give more depth around how to do a monthly skin self-exam (in 10 minutes), from UV-scale reference material to calculators and city forecasts.

Numbers are modelled, not measured at your exact location, so treat them as guidance for planning rather than exact thresholds.